 {"id":12670,"date":"2025-02-13T16:37:48","date_gmt":"2025-02-13T15:37:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/lekeitio700-conectando-teoria-y-practica-para-profundizar-en-la-democracia\/"},"modified":"2025-03-06T13:07:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-06T12:07:52","slug":"lekeitio700-connecting-theory-and-practice-to-deepen-democracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/lekeitio700-connecting-theory-and-practice-to-deepen-democracy\/","title":{"rendered":"Lekeitio700 \u2013 Connecting Theory and Practice to Deepen Democracy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the rainy morning of January 25th, various members and collaborators of Arantzazulab Democracy Innovation Lab traveled to Lekeitio to present and facilitate a session as part of the Lekeitio 700 initiative. Among the many activities organised to commemorate the 700th anniversary of this coastal town in Biscay, a session was promoted to reflect on different possibilities to strengthen democracy. Around thirty people gathered at the Sociedad Recreativa to discuss how the relationship between public institutions and citizens is perceived in the town under the theme &#8220;\u201cPlazatik udaletxera, udaletxetik plazara\u201d (From the Square to the Town Hall, from the Town Hall to the Square)&#8221;. During the session, ideas and reflections developed within Arantzazulab&#8217;s Ikerketa Elkargunea (a collaborative research group) were presented to provide a theoretical framework for the discussion. Additionally, several models of democratic participation that Arantzazulab has implemented were introduced, allowing citizens to explore different ways of engaging in decision-making within public institutions. Facilitators from Arantzazulab Co-Creation ecosystem, members of the Maraka, Apitropik, and Ko-garri agencies, facilitated the session.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To introduce and establish the basis for the session, Asier Baztan, a researcher at Mondragon Unibertsitatea and a member of Arantzazulab&#8217;s Ikerketa Elkargunea, presented some new questions and hypotheses based on the research project &#8220;Conceptions of Democracy in Euskadi.&#8221; This research has been conducted during the last two years by Arantzazulab Ikerketa Elkargunea through a collaborative effort involving UPV\/EHU (The Basque public university), the University of Deusto, and Mondragon Unibertsitatea. While democracy has been broadly examined in the research project, the session focused on data and conclusions related to political decision-making and participation, as these were the key themes of the day. The main points highlighted were:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Problem-solving models: In the Basque Country, 4 out of 10 people do not see the current liberal representative model as the most democratic, and 34.4% believe that other &#8220;models&#8221; are more democratic. Therefore, while democracy has high, general, and stable legitimacy\u2014having been the most widely preferred political model in Basque society for years\u2014its structure is imagined in different ways. What, then, are society&#8217;s priorities when envisioning these &#8220;other political models&#8221;?\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Political disaffection: Amidst the crisis of the representative model, citizens exhibit a high level of political disaffection, feeling powerless to influence political decisions and unheard by institutions. Those who favoured &#8220;other political models&#8221;, for instance, showed a higher degree of disaffection, shedding light on some of the roots of this crisis: the limited capacity of the liberal model to effectively represent the <em>demos<\/em>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Attitudes toward political participation: When asked about participation priorities, the Basque society still maintains a strong connection to the electoral process. However, other forms of participation, which require greater personal commitment and involvement, received lower support. Thus, while the liberal model has weaknesses, its electoral process remains crucial for democracy&#8217;s legitimacy. Are favourable attitudes toward more participatory processes merely reactions to momentary indignation, or do they reflect deep-seated beliefs that political decisions should be made differently? Both reasons likely coexist, often intertwining, making these questions interesting to explore.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8216;The Democratic Game&#8217;: In addition to confirming that democracy is envisioned in multiple ways, the research showed that citizens can identify and recognize core democratic values and principles. Moreover, the idea that political decisions and representatives should be closer to the people seems to have become a fundamental democratic value.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.401-1024x768.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12512\" style=\"aspect-ratio:16\/9;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.401-1024x768.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.401-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.401-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.401.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two significant effects emerged from the research, (a) the gap influenced by age and gender, and (b) what we have termed &#8220;the hurt generation&#8221;, affecting those between the ages of 30 and 45. Briefly, these factors help us understand our society from a broader perspective. On the one side, (a) understanding the role of gender differentiating attitudes and preferences among young people reveals that women&#8217;s responses across age groups show greater similarity and differ significantly from men of the same age, especially among younger generations. Meanwhile, (b) the critical stance toward institutional models among a generation that was politically socialized during the 2008 economic crisis underscores the relevance of the historical context shaping political views.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Building on these insights and acknowledging the various ways of representing &#8220;other political models,&#8221; Ione Ardaiz, Projects Lead at Arantzazulab, shared the experiences that Arantzazulab has experimented with to strengthen democracy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-1-1024x540.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12674\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-1-1024x540.png 1024w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-1-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-1-768x405.png 768w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image-1.png 1207w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First, when discussing citizen involvement in public decision-making, it is important to recognise different levels of participation. We adopted the gradient proposed by the International Association for Public Participation to outline these levels:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Informing: The public institution shares information with citizens about ongoing initiatives.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consulting: Citizens provide input on the public institutions\u2019 work.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Engaging: The institution collaborates with citizens in specific phases of the process.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Collaborating: Citizens and public representatives work together.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Empowering: Decision-making is transferred to citizens.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Placing these levels on a gradient does not imply that some are more important than others; rather, it is crucial to determine the necessary level of citizen involvement for each case and communicate this clearly from the outset.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From this starting framework, Arantzazulab presented different perspectives on strengthening democracy that we have begun to explore. Each approach was discussed in terms of the contribution that can make to explore pathways to specific challenges, its level of citizen participation in the gradient, and key considerations for implementation. The following four approaches were presented:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Deliberative Democracy: A randomly selected group of citizens convenes to respond to a policy dilemma presented by a public institution, ultimately presenting collective recommendations.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mission-Oriented Innovation: Collaborative frameworks are proposed to address large, complex challenges, defining shared goals and identifying how different actors contribute towards those.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Service Design: An approach to engage citizens in shaping public services and institutional programs.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Developmental Evaluation: An evaluation approach designed to assess initiatives in contexts of uncertainty, informing decisions and measuring impact.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beyond these approaches, many other democratic deepening strategies are being implemented nationally and internationally. Arantzazulab aims to gather these methods and continue fostering their applications in our own context.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During the small group discussions, participants enriched the conversation by offering insights and raising new questions. Despite the assumption of a general lack of strong attachment to political participation, youth-led mobilisation movements (such as feminist and LGTBI+ activism) were recognised as particularly influential. This may reflect broader societal shifts in values and concerns, prompting deeper reflection on social activation processes. The need for empowered reactivation was identified, along with a clear desire\u2014both among the organising team and attendees\u2014to create and strengthen avenues of civic responsibility. While disaffection is often expressed as frustration with what is lacking in the political model, many participants also pointed to &#8220;inverse disaffection&#8221;\u2014where individuals lose interest in social and public affairs, creating a two-way gap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.411-1024x768.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12509\" style=\"aspect-ratio:16\/9;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.411-1024x768.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.411-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.411-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-27-at-11.21.411.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Citizen conversations reaffirmed the importance of recognising people\u2019s capabilities. When the desire to make decisions differently arises, it is essential to ensure that bottom-up processes are in place. Citizens have a clear understanding of their community&#8217;s needs and the pathways to address them, each with its own structures and objectives. This also served as a reminder to public institutions seeking to integrate citizen participation: such initiatives must be implemented thoughtfully and effectively.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In conclusion, sharing knowledge and emerging questions from research with citizens and engaging in discussion with the people is always a valuable exercise, and the experience in Lekeitio was no exception. Moreover, based on the research findings, we took an additional step\u2014not only deepening our understanding of the challenges but also exploring possible responses. The two defining characteristics of Arantzazulab\u2019s approach are, advancing theoretical knowledge of challenges of democracy and facilitating collaborative projects to explore potential solution pathways. Participants appreciated this dual approach and the opportunity to contribute to both dimensions. They also valued the constructive atmosphere that allowed for open and thoughtful dialogue with people from diverse political perspectives.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ultimately, the session fostered deeper knowledge of local civic engagement and explored pathways to address key questions. It also marked another milestone in connecting the different forms of knowledge and work approaches that we are developing in Arantzazulab\u2019s ecosystems.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Materials to deepen on this knowledge<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you want to explore the contents presented during the session in more depth, you can download the materials we presented:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Research Meeting Point (Ikerketa Elkargunea) \u2013 Presentation by Asier Baztan\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Approaches to Deepening Democracy \u2013 Presentation by Ione Ardaiz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the Arantzazulab website, you can explore the examples and knowledge we have put into practice with each of these approaches:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211;<a href=\"https:\/\/ezagutzataria.arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/DEMOCRACIA-DELIBERATIVA.pdf\">Deliberative Democracy<\/a>:\u00a0This guide compiles knowledge and practical examples of this approach:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gipuzkoa.eus\/es\/web\/herritarrenbatzarra\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gipuzkoa Citizens\u2019 Assembly\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/partaidetza.tolosa.eus\/es\/detalle\/-\/visualizarProcesos\/detail\/viewResults\/123\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tolosa Citizens\u2019 Assembly\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-Mission-Oriented innovation approach<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A description of the reflection space activated in the <a href=\"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/we-have-kicked-off-the-basque-public-institutions-missions-meeting-space-a-space-to-build-capabilities-and-knowledge-for-transformation\/\">mission-oriented innovation meeting point<\/a> with public institutions in the Basque Country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Galdakao 2030 initiative: A process developed in the town of Galdakao. The work carried out is showcased in the presentation <a href=\"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/we-have-kicked-off-the-basque-public-institutions-missions-meeting-space-a-space-to-build-capabilities-and-knowledge-for-transformation\/\">video<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-Service Design<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Observatory of Public Sector Innovation \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/oecd-opsi.org\/guide\/service-design\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Service Design:<\/a> introduction to\u00a0 this perspective.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A specific example developed by Maraka helps illustrate where this approach can contribute. The Kultur Lemoa project aimed to reorganize leisure and cultural services in Lemoa to build a dedicated leisure and culture space in Kotxepi. A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4uYJdRyrIKA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summary video<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemoa.net\/eu-ES\/Zerbitzuak\/Kultura\/Documents\/_Kultur%20txostena%20baja_Udala.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">project report<\/a> provide further details.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-Developmental Evaluation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ezagutzataria.arantzazulab.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/Evaluacion-Evolutiva_documento.pdf\">A document outlining the approach and various techniques for its implementation.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Capability building session by Clear Horizon (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-a68OCfJAUY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On the rainy morning of January 25th, various members and collaborators of Arantzazulab Democracy Innovation Lab traveled to Lekeitio to present and facilitate a session as part of the Lekeitio 700 initiative. Among the many activities organised to commemorate the 700th anniversary of this coastal town in Biscay, a session was promoted to reflect on&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12506,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12670","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12670"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12670\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12506"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantzazulab.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}